VILLAJOYOSA, UNA VILLA ABOCADA AL MAR

                 Villajoyosa  durante la Edad Moderna al igual que las demás poblaciones costeras vivían  del mar  y la agricultura que eran la base de su economía.  Una gran  parte de la población se dedicaba principalmente a la pesca y al comercio marítimo.  Esta relación entre el mar y la villa ha quedado reflejada en muchos de los documentos que se conservan de esa época.

Grabado de J. García Campero con la vista de Vilajoiosa y su puerto en 1835
Grabado de J. García Campero con la vista de Vilajoiosa y su puerto en 1835

El gremio de los pescadores fue uno de las asociaciones más importantes, hasta el punto de permitirles pescar en días festivos.  Tenemos una referencia  en la copia de la Visita pastoral de la villa de Villajoyosa del  año 1610 donde aparece el siguiente texto: -… Que se pesca en los días domingo y fiestas de guardar para la fábrica de la Iglesia de la presente villa. Con licencia del ordinario…

El puerto de Villajoyosa fue  una plataforma de entrada y salida de mercancías, naves, gentes, e ideas de este lugar. Dotado de un área situada frente a una playa arenosa, la  existencia de pozos de agua dulce cerca de la playa, un fondo no rocoso, y la escasa peligrosidad de temporales a lo largo del año, lo convertían en un lugar idóneo. Sabemos por documentos que en el año de 1327 se dictó una Real Orden donde se concedía  el privilegio de reconocimiento y oficialidad del “carregador”   para la extracción de higos, pasas, vinos y frutos secos del lugar en y que en 1427-1428 Jofre de Meya construyó una “nau” en este pequeño puerto, en la misma desembocadura del Amadorio.

Por último, Villajoyosa fue precisamente una de las localidades costeras que se dedicaron más intensamente al corso, junto a Valencia, Alicante, Calpe y Denia como podemos deducir de los documentos de archivo.

Ese incremento de la actividad comercial  trajo consigo la atracción de los piratas y corsarios que atacaban a los pescadores o a las embarcaciones indefensas, saqueando las costas y regresando con botín y cautivos. Esas actividades ilegales fue un importante obstáculo para el desarrollo de la vida urbana que condicionaron su desarrollo, ya que obligo a dedicar gran parte de sus beneficios en reforzar las murallas y torres ante la amenaza que venía desde el mar continuamente, además de impedir el crecimiento urbano  fuera de sus murallas.

En Conclusión: Villajoyosa participó de este mundo marítimo, siendo sus actividades principales: La pesca, la  construcción de barcos, el  comercio marítimo  y  el corso. Por lo que podemos afirmar que el mar fue para esta localidad  un motor importante de su economía.

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71 responses to “VILLAJOYOSA, UNA VILLA ABOCADA AL MAR”

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